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Monday, December 18, 2006

Choose a "Safari Company" Wisely

Safaris can be complex and are not inexpensive. Resist the temptation to choose a safari company based on price alone. Working with the wrong safari planner can have consequences ranging from the disastrous to a waste of your precious time and money. So before you part with thousands of dollars, explore the following questions with your safari planner. Ensure you are working with the best! You should receive a resounding YES and further details to all of these questions:

What percent of your time do you spend planning safaris to Africa?
(Ideally, you want an exclusive specialist, spending 100% of their time, but don’t settle for anything less than 75%)
How many years of experience do you have in planning travel to Africa?
(Look for at least 10 years to ensure they have dealt with a variety of destinations in varying economic and political climates)
How many safaris have you planned?
(Should be at least 500; planners with less experience will not have the buying power with ground operators nor will they have the expertise to deal with non-standard requests or offer unique recommendations.)
Does your company have direct relationships with the camps, lodges and safari operators?
Have you personally visited the safari camps you are recommending? How many others? Who paid for your visit?
(Many operators tend to visit only those camps offering free trips—but this hardly results in an unbiased opinion. It’s like a restaurant critic reviewing a restaurant only when the owner knows he’s coming and is providing a free meal! Is the practice of “sponsored” visits in the best interest of the safari planner or the client?)
Do you track my entire trip and manage all issues that may arise while I am traveling? What if there is a forced change in the itinerary dictated by poor weather or a missed connection?
Are you members of the Better Business Bureau, American Society of Travel Agents, Association for the Promotion of Tourism to Africa, Institute of Certified Travel Agents?
If I call the tourist board, can they vouch for your good standing? Can you provide client references?
What awards have you won? Can you send me any articles written by professional journalists who have traveled with you?

Frankly, we think you’ll be hard-pressed to come up with as qualified a team as the professionals at African Portfolio!

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Safari Planning 101

We know all tours are not created equal … but how can you tell? Here are some tips from the pros on the finer points and the fine print to help you avoid the most common mistakes made by first time safari travelers.

Ask for a detailed itinerary from your tour or safari operator. Try to determine what you can afford, and keep in mind that in general, you get what you pay for: safaris are no exception, so know what you’re getting!
Pay close attention to what’s included and what’s not included in the cost. A “Fully Inclusive” rate includes breakfast, lunch, dinner, teas and a minimum of two game viewing activities per day. Alternatively, while “Full Board” may sound good, it only includes your meals. All your safari activities are charged separately – oftentimes at an additional $100-$200+ per person per day.
Keep in mind that a 10-day tour means 9 nights, and if this includes your flying time to and from Africa, you could be looking at as little as 6 nights on safari.
Make sure that park fees are included in the price you’re quoted. They might be just $30 per person per day, but for two people on a ten-day safari – that’s an additional $600!
Ask whether taxes are included – especially on airfare. It’s not unheard of for taxes to be $350 or more and they rarely come to less than $200 per person on a transatlantic flight.
Ask to know the exact name of every lodge, camp or hotel visited on your tour. Don’t settle for phrases like, “You overnight in the Masai Mara”, which means practically nothing when you try to evaluate or compare trips. As importantly, you certainly have a right to know the details of what you are buying BEFORE you spend a dime.
Ask about the safari vehicles: are they open or closed? Is there a roof hatch that opens up? How many passengers do they take? Are you guaranteed a window seat? How much fun is a safari if you’re packed like sardines in your vehicle, staring at your neighbor’s knees all day?
If you’re traveling alone – expect to pay a single supplement, which may vary from nominal to almost 100% of the trip cost, depending on the logistics involved and the expertise of your safari planner. An experienced and knowledgeable safari planner can recommend a trip that offers the best value for a single traveler, sometimes even eliminating this extra charge altogether!
When setting aside your “spending money” allow for tips, drinks, and miscellaneous expenses like visas, levies, laundry and gifts. Remember exchange rates and fuel prices fluctuate and governments periodically change visa fees, park fees, tourism levies or sales taxes, all factors that impact travel costs. Your safari planner should be able to offer sound advice about how much extra to budget for these “unplanned” expenses.

In general, think about what you can afford and what you want to spend. Keep in mind that, like everything else, you get what you pay for ~ safaris are no exception. So by all means, know what you are getting and do your homework to ensure you are getting good value, not just a good price.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Your Safari Travel Style

This is probably the least tangible of all the factors, but one of the most fun to determine. For example, are you the “cruise ship type” who only looks to un-pack once and be transported from one place to the next with little or no input as to what you see and do? Or are you more “hands on” and look to be more interactive when it comes to the planning of and participating in your safari?

LUXURY, MODERATE OR RUSTIC?

The level of accommodation that you are expecting on safari is important to consider. Do you want unabashed luxury or 2-man dome tents or something in between? While this is very much a function of personal style, as well as budget, we prefer to design an itinerary with consistent levels of accommodation throughout. It is possible to combine different levels of accommodation on different parts of your trip; however we are adamant that you have the right expectations for each of the places you go. One of the most significant differences from one safari to another is in the degree of luxury, reflected of course in the price. High-end safaris will transport you by small plane, always with a guide, to posh lodges with every comfort. You’ll find dining and lounging facilities and a bar in a main building offering lots of African atmosphere. You’ll be accommodated in a private bungalow or permanent walled tent (complete with toilet and shower) under a thatched roof. Mid-range safaris will offer some similarities, but you’ll probably be transported by minivan (in East Africa), not by plane; and you may be transferred from place to place without a guide. You may stay at larger lodges, with more fellow guests and less personal service or at somewhat less luxurious lodges. Budget or rustic safaris are further stripped down. Transport is a bus, minivan, or open truck. Service is mostly up to you. Some budget safaris use permanent campsites with tents and showers already in place. However, at the lowest prices, you may end up pitching a well-worn tent yourself and sleeping on the ground on a too-thin mattress. You’ll make do with an outdoor latrine and shower, or none at all, and lend a hand preparing meals you won’t write home about. On the plus side, you’ll actually be camping in the bush — like a real safari — and you’ll meet budget travelers from around the world. But if budget is what you are looking for, make sure that camping is your “thing”.

WHO IS TRAVELING?

The age range and makeup of your party should be taken into account. Some safari camps do not allow children under age 12; some mobile camping safaris do not allow guests over the age of 65. A family has different requirements than a honeymoon couple. While some safaris are kid-friendly, keep in mind that a certain amount of quiet, concentration, patience, and immobility is required. If you are traveling on business, this may affect our suggestion for your safari; if you are traveling alone, some safaris are better choices than others.

SMALL GROUP OR INDEPENDENT?

Most of our clients are well traveled and enjoy a combination of small group and independent travel. Group trips are generally no larger than 8 – 16 participants, with minimum and maximum age limits and set departure dates. Independent travel is obviously much more flexible, allowing you to depart at any time, travel for as long as you wish, to the camps of your choice. While we call it "independent travel," there is always someone to meet you at the airport and transfer you to your safari camp or hotel, so even solo travelers can feel comfortable knowing that they will be well-looked after on the ground.

ROAD OR AIR?

Travel by road or air is an important question to consider in selecting a trip. Sometimes both options are not available – so the decision is essentially made for you. Travel by air, while generally more expensive, is the most efficient means of transportation, transferring you between safari camps easily and with plenty of time to enjoy activities at both camps, which is why you are on safari after all! Generally the planes are small, so those with difficulties with small aircraft should plan their trips accordingly. Travel by road can be exhausting, covering considerable distances on dusty roads in safari vehicles and it is definitely time-consuming. Nevertheless, overland travel affords you the opportunity to see some of the countryside and local villages between destinations, perhaps giving you a more realistic glimpse into a day in the life of the people whose country you are visiting. For some travelers, this is the only way to go.

GUIDES AND VEHICLES

I firmly believe that your safari guide is a critical component of the success of the overall safari experience. A great guide can make all the difference, and African Portfolio endeavors to use the best guides available. East Africa is currently standardizing its guide requirements, while southern Africa has long been known for its lengthy and intensive guide training. In East Africa, you are likely to have the same guide throughout if traveling by road, which allows you to get to know him or her, and build upon each day's experiences. If you are flying or traveling in southern Africa, you will have guides from each camp who are thoroughly knowledgeable about the concessions or National Parks that they traverse on a daily basis. Safari guides each tend to have their own personal specialty or area of expertise so you can benefit from the diversity of knowledge that each of these guides will share with you. Vehicles in southern Africa are generally open 4 x 4 land rovers or land cruisers, while most vehicles in East Africa are minivans with an opening roof hatch to allow you the best visibility this type of vehicle can offer. It is also possible to have a 4 x 4 vehicle in East Africa, although this option is more expensive.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

My Safari Budget

Safaris are not free. This, we all understand. If you can find a free one...

This is one of the most important questions to consider when selecting a trip. While there are some travelers for whom cost considerations are not an issue, most of our clients want to work within a budget and have a specific price range in mind. This is an extremely important criteria in helping us select an appropriate safari for you. The adage, “you get what you pay for,” probably holds true when planning a safari. There is a safari priced for just about everybody, but there are major differences in accommodations, services, transportation and food. It’s important that you consider how much “roughing it” you’re willing to do before you plan your safari. Whether you’re part of an organized tour or are interested in a custom designed tour for you and your family, will also affect the price tag. An experienced and qualified, specialty tour operator will be aware of the reputable and not-so-reputable safari companies, current prices as well as conditions in Africa that might impact on your trip. The following are factors that affect the cost of a trip:

LEVEL OF LUXURY

In general, the more luxurious the safari, the more expensive the trip. Safari camps can range from $250 to $1000 per person per night, not including transfers from one region/camp to another, which are frequently by air. However, the cost at most safari camps and lodges normally includes all your meals, game drives and most other game viewing activities on offer. Sometimes drinks and laundry are also included in the rate. So when you consider the additional cost of these other components, relative to the average price for a 4-5 star hotel (room only), the safari rate is quite a bargain! Always allow for tips and souvenirs when planning your “spending money”. Exchange rates and fuel prices fluctuate, and can have an impact on the final cost of your safari in some cases. Similarly, governments periodically change visa fees, park fees, tourism levies or sales taxes, which can impact travel costs. Try to determine what you can realistically afford, and keep in mind that in general, you get what you pay for: safaris are no exception. Do not buy into the popular misconception that because much of Africa is “third world”, accommodations and services are cheap. At African Portfolio, we are admittedly fussy about the quality of service and lodging we offer, and we are especially particular about the guides and operators we use, because they will determine not only the success of your game viewing, but also the value and quality of the whole experience and eventually – your memories of Africa!

LENGTH OF TRIP

The per-day-per-person-budget is a good rule of thumb for determining how long you can travel. Simply shortening a trip by a few days can sometimes cut the cost by hundreds of dollars. Moving around less usually saves on costly transfers or regional flights and can also make for a more relaxed, focused experience. With most camps and lodges, three nights will afford you a good opportunity to see what characterizes the area, and to partake in all the activities on offer at a relaxed pace. Moving around more can often result in seeing less of what you traveled to Africa for in the first place! On the other hand, the time and expense in getting to Africa is significant, so we would encourage you to spend as much time as you possibly can in this amazing part of the world. Rushing your trip to save money is rarely worthwhile, and while many clients find themselves going back time and again, Africa is still a distant and a remote destination – and this might be one of few, if not your only opportunity to go on safari!

SELECTION OF CAMPS, LODGES AND HOTELS

African Portfolio has always maintained complete independence and objectivity when selecting and recommending specific safari camps, lodges and hotels for our clients. This allows us the freedom to combine whatever areas, properties and activities we believe will suit you best, without the limitations and extra cost of inbound operators or destination managers. We enjoy a great reputation and wonderful relationship with properties and ground handlers all over East and Southern Africa, and as our client, you share in the advantage of various preferred rates, combination packages and incentive fares, as well as preferential treatment as very important guests! Let us suggest the ideal combination of properties, venues, activities and destinations for your trip to ensure that you have not only the best possible safari experience based on your own interests and preferences, but also the best value for the money that you’re spending on this dream trip!

ACTIVITIES

The safari portion of your trip is likely to be the most costly. Safari camps are generally all-inclusive, which means the cost of the accommodations, meals, guides, game activities, and park entry fees are included. Staying at a hotel or a beach resort is often less expensive than a safari camp because you pay for meals, tours and other activities, on an “a la carte” basis—as you choose during your stay. Combining a safari with a few days at the beach or with a self-drive tour along the Garden Route in Cape Town in South Africa, for instance, can make a trip more affordable.

SEASON

High season prices can vary quite dramatically from the low season rates for the same safari camps and lodges. Rates for high season are applicable for a reason, as often the game viewing is at its best during these times of year and space is at a premium. However, if peak game viewing is not critical and you are flexible with your travel dates, you can still have a wonderful safari experience at a considerably lower price when traveling in low or “green” seasons. The bonus is that you will find the areas less crowded and have less difficulty confirming space.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Types of Safaris

There are many types of safaris based on the activities that one can undergo, and the types of places one can visit.

Here is a list of some uniqe safari experiences.

  • Canoe Safaris
  • Walking Safaris
  • Mobile Tented Safaris
  • Elephant Back Safaris
  • Horseback and Camelback Safaris
  • Gorilla Trekking
  • Rail Safaris
  • Bird-watching Safaris
  • Self-drive Safaris
  • Camping Safaris
Now, let's have a brief look at each of them


Canoe Safaris

Canoe SafariFew countries in the world have a more spectacular natural border than that which divides Zimbabwe and Zambia, the magnificent Zambezi River. The entire length of the river has been set aside as a protected wilderness area supporting one of the highest wildlife concentrations in southern Africa. Both participatory and fully serviced canoe safaris of three to nine days are available. No previous canoeing experience is required as you paddle downstream along this enchanting river, observing some of Africas best bird, plant and animal life. In Botswana, mokoro trails offer an eco-friendly means to explore the intricate waterways of the Okavango Delta.

Walking Safaris

Walking SafarisTraditional walking safaris are unique to only a few countries in Africa, providing one of the most fascinating opportunities to experience its wonderful wilderness and wildlife. These safaris take you to some of the most remote and unspoiled areas of Zambia’s South Luangwa Valley, Zimbabwe’s Mana Pools National Park, Botswana’s Okavango Delta, Selinda and Kalahari Desert, Kenya’s semi-desert environment at Lewa Downs and Tanzania’s famed Serengeti and Tarangire National Parks. Follow the footsteps of Africa’s first explorers as your safari guide shows you how to track elephant, lion, buffalo and the rare rhino, while also unfolding the mysteries of the wild for you, explaining how the myriad species of animals, birds, trees and plants interact. Although no two safaris are alike, walking is not strenuous, generally covering about five to eight miles each day, stopping frequently to watch the animals or to relax and enjoy a picnic lunch.

Mobile Tented Safaris

Mobile tented safarisReminiscent of Isek Dinisen’s Out of Africa, these exclusive, fully supported safaris guarantee an exciting encounter with wildlife and a fascinating exploration of their habitat. Safaris are conducted in the same traditional style as walking safaris and are supported by backup vehicles and a team of staff. The emphasis is on close encounters with nature in a comfortable and informed manner. Mobile safaris offer the flexibility to view game on foot, by open vehicle or by boat and to visit areas otherwise inaccessible by road. Your safari itinerary is entirely flexible and each day’s activities can be discussed and arranged to suit your group’s particular interests.

Elephant Back Safaris

Elephant back SafariElephant back safaris are one of the most thrilling safari experiences in Africa. These safaris not only make it possible to view wildlife from the back of an elephant, but perhaps more importantly, provide the unique opportunity to share a day in the life of the elephant. Whether it’s game viewing from their backs, picnicking with them in the bush, grooming, feeding or swimming with them, or simply experiencing the pleasure of being close to such magnificent animals, the encounter is truly unforgettable. The concept of elephant riding has been pioneered by dedicated conservationists who believe that sustained utilization of wildlife, (essentially, getting the elephants to pay for themselves), is the only means by which the elephant will survive in this modern world.

Horseback and Camelback Safaris

Horse and Camel back SafariWe invite you to an adventure that harks back to the days of the trailblazers and pioneers. Come and explore the wilderness of the African bush on horseback or camelback. On horses and camels that have been carefully trained to carry even those with no previous riding experience, a professional guide shows you an amazing variety of wildlife from the near extinct rhino and the formidable elephant, to many different species of antelope and perhaps even the elusive leopard. On horseback or camelback, one is more in tune with the wild, blending into the surrounding ecosystem in a natural way and allowing for an unequaled opportunity of seeing wild animals at quite close range.

Gorilla Trekking

Gorilla trekkingGo in search of the world’s most elusive primate, the mountain gorilla, one of the most awe-inspiring animals in Africa. The approximately six hundred mountain gorillas remaining in the wild are found only in the Virunga Mountains of Rwanda and the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest of Uganda. To track them in their forest habitat is a thrilling experience. For conservation reasons, access to the gorillas is carefully controlled. To have the privilege of seeing these gentle giants is an amazing experience. You may want to combine a gorilla trek with viewing chimpanzees in Uganda’s Kibale National Park or in Tanzania’s Mahale Mountains.

Rail Safaris

Rail SafariSouthern Africa has always attracted adventurous and romantic souls; those discerning travelers who crossed the land in as much comfort as possible. But it was not until 1928, when the first luxury train was introduced between Johannesburg and Cape Town that truly luxurious train travel became a reality. The mere mention of a rail journey evokes an image of elegance, comfort and style reserved for travelers who appreciate beautiful surroundings, impeccable service, fine wines and superb cuisine. Experience the excitement and sophistication of traveling on the world famous Blue Train on various routes within South Africa or the majestic Victoria Falls. Steam trains have a magic and romance of their own, and Rovos Rail offers luxurious steam train safaris throughout southern Africa, providing deluxe accommodation and star-studded service as well as a unique wildlife viewing experience.

Bird-watching Safaris

Bird watching SafariAfrica is famous for it's variety of birds. Wherever you travel and regardless of what activity you pursue, beautiful birds will be seen. However, for the birding enthusiast, dedicated birding safaris are available, each accompanied by a local expert ornithologist. These safaris cover several different habitats, each with their own variety of indigenous birds and a special effort is made to locate some of the most unusual birds in each habitat. In general, the southern hemisphere summer months (November March) are best for birding in Africa.




Self-drive Safaris

Self drive safariFor those who prefer to do-it-yourself, South Africa offers an excellent road system and a reliable network of service stations along your route. Cars or four wheel drive vehicles are available for hire for any duration of your trip. A U.S. drivers license is all that is required but of course, driving is on the left hand side of the road. One of the advantages of a self-drive tour is the ability to visit people, places and things that are off the beaten track where some wonderful surprises may be in store.



Camping Safaris

Camping SafarisCamping safaris are characterized by camaraderie and team spirit and are ideal for the active adventurer who prefers to rough it a bit. These safaris are known as overland (by road) or cross-country safaris and feature accommodation in dome style tents. There is generally one guide and an assistant that accompany you throughout the duration of the trip. Accommodation is in national parks’ campsites with shared facilities and the vehicle is a modified land cruiser/land rover with large windows and roof seating. With expectations set properly, these camping trips are a fun and adventurous way to experience Africa.

Just imagine yourself in one of the above. The experience is just too great, the fun will be undying, and the knowledge gained will be a treasure.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

When Should I Visit Africa

when to visit, depends on which part of Africa you will like to visit for your safari. Is it the east, south or the ocean islands?

You will hear varying ideas about the timing of your trip, but keep in mind that people travel year round to all the destinations on this blog. Each season has its advantages, so if you have fixed dates for travel, chances are you will be able to have a great trip no matter where you are going. It is important to understand the seasonal trends and how they will affect your trip; but remember that weather is variable and so it is quite possible to go for days without rain during the peak of the rainy season, or have thundershowers in the middle of the dry season. The drier seasons are generally considered preferable for game viewing. Dry weather offers more reliable road conditions and in the winter months, milder daytime temperatures. Dry spells force game to congregate around the limited water sources, and sparser foliage makes the animals somewhat easier to find and see. While these are prime game viewing conditions, bear in mind that naturally, all properties enjoy their highest occupancy, and game reserves and parks endure more traffic, during these dry seasons. When considering smaller, more intimate, safari camps and lodges, it is necessary to book well in advance, particularly for travel from June through October.

EAST AND CENTRAL AFRICA

The long rains are from early April through early June, and the short rains from late November through December. It is often less expensive to travel during these rainy seasons. Dry seasons offer excellent visibility and more reliable road conditions, and game tends to congregate around the limited water sources, making the animals easier to find. July and August are generally extremely busy in East Africa, offering comfortable temperatures in addition to being a popular time for travel worldwide, so be sure to book well in advance. December sees increased local tourism, so expect holiday surcharges and limited availability. In the Masai Mara and Serengeti, the movements of the migrating wildebeest contribute to the desirability of certain areas at certain times, and this might influence your itinerary, selections or costs.

SOUTHERN AFRICA

The rainy season (characterized mainly by thunderstorms during the afternoon) runs from late November through mid-April in the safari regions; however, the southern Cape and coastline of South Africa is experiencing summer at that time and is a wonderful place to visit. This area can also be cold and rainy during their winter from June through August. Often high season rates for the safari regions go into effect in July so it is sometimes possible to save a bit of money by traveling prior to that, in the shoulder season. May and June can be delightful months to travel. December sees massive local tourism, (e.g., summer school vacation combined with heavy holiday traffic) so expect holiday surcharges, crowded beaches and limited availability throughout. Due to the smaller size of safari camps and lodges in southern Africa, it is necessary to book well in advance, particularly for travel from June through September.

INDIAN OCEAN ISLANDS

Generally the weather is similar to that of southern Africa, with the summer rains lasting from November through April, with occasional cyclones during that time. The dry season from May to October is ideal.

Make sure you choose the best possible period. Happy safari.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Where Should I go on Safari?

EAST AND CENTRAL AFRICA

A favorite for first-time safari-goers, East Africa offers a bit of everything.
Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda dominate in this region.

Excellent Game Viewing

No matter which game parks you visit, you are likely to see a wide array of game in larger numbers than almost anywhere else. For those of you who are as fascinated and perplexed by the great migration of the zebra and wildebeest as the scientific community, this phenomenon can be seen in Kenya and Tanzania most of the year. In general, from late July through September the migration can be seen in Kenya’s Masai Mara before the animals move south into the Serengeti plains of Tanzania, where they ultimately congregate and bear their young in January and February. The entire herd then begins its return to the Masai Mara through the southern plains of the Serengeti, then into the western corridor before moving north across the river into Kenya. Some travelers complain of the crowds in East Africa, but Kenya’s Mara and Tanzania’s Serengeti constitute the greatest wildlife habitat on the planet. If you really can’t stand sharing it with other people, the answer is a pricier, custom tour featuring luxury tenting, private camps, or country houses, and visits to some of East Africa’s underused national parks and reserves. Uganda and Rwanda in Central Africa offer gorilla trekking and a rougher safari experience for the adventure-seeker.

Accessibility

Many of East Africa's National Parks and safari highlights are accessible by both road and air, making it an easy region to navigate. For those who prefer travel by air, an efficient network of local scheduled flights link the different regions. If joining a small group, road safaris can be excellent value for those on a budget. The roads are rough, so travelers with back problems would do better to fly.

Gorgeous Landscapes

The extraordinary diversity of East Africa's landscape is not to be missed! From the snow-capped majesty of Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya, to the fantastic Ngorongoro Crater and savannah plains of the Masai Mara and Serengeti, this corner of the continent boasts some of the most spectacular scenery on earth. It is the Africa of your imagination, and has been a classic safari destination for decades, not only for the wildlife but also because of her sweeping, rugged, powerful beauty.

Fascinating Culture

Africa is not just about the animals, it is also about her people, which makes her an eternally beautiful, fascinating, and magical continent. Nowhere else can you witness so readily the tribal cultures of the Masai and Samburu peoples, vividly clothed and beaded in traditional garb, living the way they have for centuries. A friendly "Jambo" will elicit a ready smile and wave, and ample opportunity to learn about and share in another culture.


SOUTHERN AFRICA

From the wildest and most remote safari regions to the cosmopolitan culture and beauty of South africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Malawi, southern Africa offers astonishing hospitality and diversity.

Excellent Game Viewing

Like East Africa, Southern Africa offers an outstanding and rewarding game-viewing experience. One of the reasons for this is that game drives are conducted in open 4x4 safari vehicles, as opposed to the mini-van which is the most common safari vehicle in East Africa (although there are some exceptions). The open vehicle allows unparalleled visibility and the unique, raised seating in some of the vehicles will spoil you forever! Safari guides in southern Africa are the most highly-trained and respected professionals in their field and their knowledge will be one of the main reasons that your safari to southern Africa is an educational experience as well as surpassing your expectations.

A Variety of Safari Activities

Southern Africa is quite creative in terms of ways to view wildlife. Apart from the usual game drives, you will find that many camps offer night game drives as well as wilderness walks. You can also view wildlife by canoe and mokoro, on mountain bikes as well as by horse and elephant back! Microlighting, whitewater rafting and bunji-jumping are also possible.

Small Camps

Many of the safari camps and lodges can accommodate no more than 16-20 guests at a time, ensuring an intimate, personalized and non-touristy experience on safari. Often you will see only one or two other vehicles on a game drive and for the rest of your safari, you are truly out in the bush. This is attractive to travelers who want to feel as though they are away from the crowds and off the beaten track.

More Than Safari

Beyond the safari experience, the cosmopolitan cities and coastline of South Africa, the adventure activities of Victoria Falls, the beaches of the Indian Ocean Islands and the striking landscapes of Namibia can be the perfect complement to your safari and we encourage you to take advantage of the amazing contrasts of this region.


INDIAN OCEAN ISLANDS

Beaches!

There is no doubt about it – some of the best beaches in the world are to be found on the other side of it! The Seychelles, Mauritius, Mozambique and the coastal isles off East Africa offer stunning, sparkling turquoise waters and the powdery white sand beaches that can be found nowhere else. They are the perfect beginning or end for your safari, or as a destination in their own right.

Culture

The exotic island cultures in these countries are varied and complex, amalgams of native peoples, colonizing influences and migrant forces, which have come together to flavor these islands with colorful languages, cuisines and customs.

Flora and Fauna

Islands of the Indian Ocean offer a surprising array of indigenous species of flora and fauna, from the countless coral reefs and marine life to the remarkable coco de mer, found only in the Seychelles. Far from being a series of beach resorts, these islands can lead the interested traveler and SCUBA enthusiast on a fascinating aquatic safari!

These are just generalities. I will give you a long list of the best places to visit. Be on the alert.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Why People Visit Africa

There are many reasons why people visit Africa, but as far as safaris are concerned one can not miss these out.

1. Wildlife Watching and Nature Safaris In Tanzania:
Tanzania prides huge numbers of wildlife spread all over the country and each of these wildlife display their own characteristics particular to the ecosystem. With Tanzania's national park and game reserves located so remotely such as Selous and Mahale Mountains, AfricanMecca guests have the opportunity to view one of Africa's few resources preserved by nature and almost untouched by mankind. Tanzania's rich biodiversity can be done by taking a count of the following: 3000 lions in the Selous, regular sightings of African Hunting Dogs in Ruaha extinct in most parts of Africa, Chimpanzees in Mahale and Gombe in their natural habitat, circumambulation of a million wildebeests in the Serengeti and the list goes on.

Visiting Tanzania On A Wildlife And Nature Safari Ascertains A Once In A Lifetime Experience Unlike Anything Guests Have Encountered.

2. Specialized Chimpanzee Safari Program In Tanzania:
Tanzania hails the great majestic mountains of Mahale home to hundreds of chimpanzees. Guests visiting Tanzania can undertake a specialized Chimpanzee trekking safari to the southwestern national parks of Mahale Mountains and Gombe Stream.

Visit Tanzania And Undertake A Specialized Chimpanzee Safari.

3. Relaxation, Peace and Pristine Beauty In Kenya:
We at AfricanMecca know that the daily grind of life: the daily never ending business meetings, career problems, cooking, cleaning, house chores, groceries, family affairs and relationship, can really take a toll on a human being. Well, if you feel what we described fits your busy profile then making an escape to Kenya is the right thing for you. You too need to be served and pampered. You too need to have nothing to worry about for 14 days of your whole year and have someone else cook, clean and take care of you. All you have to do is relax, receive good service, enjoy eating the most delicious food cooked from organic farms, enjoy spectacular views that personalities such as Prince William of England appropriately described as "loo with a view", referring to the superb accommodation views that would inject a guest's life with peace and tranquility when visiting Kenya.

So If You Want To Take Time Away From Daily Hustle And Bustle Or Share Time With Your Loved Ones, Then Kenya Is The Right Choice To Visit And Get Away From It All.

4. Cultural Interaction In Kenya:
Do you have a humble and tolerant personality about other cultures and their ways of life, and enjoy reading and learning more about people from other parts of the world, especially Africa? If you answered yes to any of these questions, come enjoy a genuine African experience by visiting the diverse cultures, ways of life and traditions of the people of Kenya. Meet the tall elegant Maasai whose native language is Maa, and whose dress code would want you to take a thousand and one pictures, which you hope to display to your friends at home; also visit ancient civilizations in Lamu, where the town has basically stopped as time flew by. Come witness the rituals, traditions and rites of passage of the Samburu people or travel to Western Kenya to see the most well decorated natives of Kenya, the Luo people.

So If You Want To Add A Touch Of True And First Hand Anthropology To Your Credentials, Then Plan A Visit To Kenya.

5. Indian Ocean Beach Vacation In Zanzibar:
Zanzibar which includes Unguja, Pemba and Mafia Islands remains one of few undiscovered pristine beach destinations in the world with beautiful white silky-sand beaches and azure blue waters where the water temperatures are refreshingly warm, where you know walking into the Indian Ocean waters, that you will remain comfortable and feel invigorated. If guests choose so, they can relax under the shades of the famous Zanzibar coconut trees and read their book or sun bathe, their mind, body and soul far away from the hustle and bustle of daily life in their hometown.

So if you want a vacation that offers excellent relaxation, pristine Indian Ocean waters, wonderful climate, good food, and plenty of sun to relax you for the year ahead then Zanzibar should be on your list for a superb beach vacation.

6. Outdoors Activities and Active Adventure In Kenya:
Many of our clients live schedules where there is little or no time to enjoy the outdoors, especially if they live in metropolitan areas. They often purchase clothing and equipment gear in anticipation of pursuing an active lifestyle; most times the resolutions never materialize because daily responsibilities keep piling up. And it also happens when days off from work are possible, that are not vacation time, it is wintertime and the temperatures are freezing cold, and if this experience relates to you, then you know you are not alone and many people face the same challenges. The solution to the challenges is a preplanned visit to Kenya. With the country laying right on the Equator, there are no snow days or freezing cold temperatures unless if you are climbing Mount Kenya. Kenya offers a variety of programs that engulf AfricanMecca guest into a world never experienced before. Place yourself on the plains of the Savannah grassland of Kenya on a horseback riding safari instead of a Toyota Land Cruiser vehicle, observing the beautiful Reticulated Giraffes in the distance or watching a herd of elephant wadding in mud, or even taking up the challenge to climb the second highest mountain in Africa, Mount Kenya. Those who want to take adventure to the next level can undertake whitewater rafting on the Tana River, mountain biking in Safari country while watching wildlife along the way, undertake Camel Riding Safaris that traverse at least two different ecosystems, bungee jumping that pushes your heart out of your body, walking Safaris that aim to bring an out of world experience, paragliding from hilltops of Laikipia, fishing for huge bill fishes, golfing in the Great Rift Valley with the challenge to overcome the wind crisscrossing the great depression. The list can go on!

So If You Want To Start And Motivate Yourself, While Acting On That New Year Resolution, Then A Visit To Kenya Is The First Step For You.

7. Historical Experience In Kenya:
Kenya is a country that is as old as the early exploration of the world by Romans: from 45 A.D, Hippalus, a Roman sailor, was pushed to the East African coast by the monsoon winds, to present day. Kenya holds a historical treasure for all to learn and enjoy. The country contains old extant forts standing strong, ruins that were deserted by residents without any explanation, immigration by European settlers who farmed and lived in the highlands of Kenya like Karen Blixen, discoveries like the Thompson Waterfalls at Nyahururu by Joseph Thompson in 1859, immigration of people from India, Arabia, China as explorers and traders starting from the 7
th Century. A meeting with the Samburu people in Northern Kenya will enable you to learn about their Israelite experience and Jewish heritage: how their families trickled down from the Mesopotamia region thousands of years ago. Kenya and East Africa as a region are also internationally credited to hold the original hominid excavations of prehistoric humans underscoring the theory of our existence to have originated from the area.

So If Your Personality Welcomes A True Historical Learning Experience With A Mix Of Culture And Lifestyle, Fame And Fortune, Success And Glory Then A Visit To Kenya Will Broaden Your Knowledge In A Globally Diverse World Making You Stand Out From The Rest Of Your Peers!

8. Eco-Tourism Experience In Kenya:
More increasingly our guests are asking us for a true genuine African experience vacation. An African experience that is run by indigenous people of Africa in a environment where your stay is at accommodations built by indigenous people of Africa, and safari game drives, food, service, lifestyle is set in their ecologically sensitive homesteads, and where the revenue from your spending actually and directly assists the indigenous population be self sufficient and self reliant. Well, then you have come to the right country. Kenya's indigenous communities like the Maasai, Samburu, Pokot have learnt that preserving their way of life is something to be proud about and not compromised. The indigenous African communities also know they need to take charge of their destiny so they have started sending their children to formal schools, have welcomed modern medicine but keep abreast of their traditional herbal cures, and have participated in community development fostering an alliance with other communities to create an eco-tourism incentive like no other in Africa.

So If You Want To Undertake A True And Genuine African Experience, Filled With Fun And An Alternative To The Common Person's Experience, Be Assured That Kenya Is The Destination For You, And Your Selection Of AfricanMecca As Your Host Begins Your Desire To Working With Natives Of The Region And Underscoring An Authentic Eco-Tourism Experience Right From The Start.

9. Indian Ocean Diving & Snorkeling In Zanzibar:
The marine experience viewing different fishes, coral and underwater life with clear visibility is a well-guarded secret among divers who have visited Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia. There are many interesting reefs around the islands of Zanzibar featuring shallow rocky areas that suddenly drop off into vertiginous crevasses 40 meters deep. With steep walls covered in colorful sponges and Gorgonia, one may find such diverse life as Brittlestars, Langoustines, and Moray Eels. Some reefs are like undersea mountains, wreathed with seaweeds and corals, and teeming with colorful fish.

Zanzibar Offers Professional Programs With Certified And Experienced PADI Diving Professionals Who Tutor Visiting Guests, Giving Them An Opportunity To View A World Never Seen By A Large Majority Of The World.

10. Business and Conference Services In Kenya:
Many businesses and non-profit organization require business meetings and incentive programs that would harness an environment that focuses on work as well as mesmerize the employees and business partners during their breakout sessions. Kenya is the country that can professionally deliver these services without any embarrassment or disappointment caused to a visiting party. Cities like Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu can supply auditoriums, large conference rooms with flip charts, overheard projectors and laptop computers within one single accommodation. Breakout sessions can be held on the Indian Ocean's traditional African boat with live entertainment and meals provided on board, or at the nearby national park restaurants like the Ranger's, which enable visitors sitting on the dining table to discuss the various agendas while watching the warthog and waterbuck near the waterhole.

So If Your Businesses Or Non-Profit Organizations Want To Create A Discerning Experience For Your Clients, Yet Keep Costs Affordable While Having Easy Access To Infrastructures Like International Airports And Road Systems, Then Selecting Kenya, As Business Hub Is The Way To Go.


Does any of the above interets you. I bet at least one does.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Safari 101

A safari is an adventure trip, typically in Africa, using off-road vehicles and tent-like accommodations for the purpose of viewing and photographing wildlife.

A safari, in real experience, is just more than a sight-seeing trip. Planning a safari is quite unlike the planning for most of your previous travels. The preparation and anticipation of the actual trip can be almost as exciting as the safari itself! Below are the main questions you should ask yourself in beginning the planning process.

  • Where should I go on safari?
  • When is a good time of year to go?
  • What kinds of activities are available?
  • What is my budget?
  • What is my travel style?
  • What is the overall planning like?
  • Who am I going to call?
I am going to help you get answers to all these questions on subsequent post, but first of all you might want to know why people like visiting Africa.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Saturday, December 16, 2006

Visit Africa?

If you are planning to take a trip to Africa, you might find this information useful...

While the scenic beauty of Africa makes it a photographer's paradise, photographs should not be taken of military or strategic buildings. These also include airports. Before photographing any person, religious festival or rural homestead it is courteous to ask permission. It is not wise to parade one's wealth and avoid some districts when not accompanied. It is also recommended to leave papers, passport number and copy of the first page, cheques etc, in the hotel safe. Its often tempting to give money to children, but it is better to avoid that in order not to participate in the promotion of that phenomenon. It is normal to give a coin to someone who keeps watch over your car, shines your shoes or stops you a taxi. On the other hand if you feel like helping the poor, send gifts to local organisations which will make good use of it.

Travel

I suggest that you travel lightly, and be prepared on luggage arriving after you. Take precausion and have always a small bag with first needed personal belongings with you. Do never leave luggage unattended, anywhere, at airports, hotels, other transportation terminals... Don't allow your bag(s) to be set down on the sidewalk as they may be snatched and used to hide something. Make sure rental car agencies have secured their vehicles... Be extra cautious about yourself and your personal belongings. Last but not least, know where security is in hotels, airports, transportation depots, restaurants... etc. Have a safe trip.

What to bring when visiting Africa

1. Mosquito net is a must, preferably impregnated with permethrin.
2. Mosquito repellent for those warm evenings when you decide you can't possibly wear long long sleeves and long pants even if it means you'll get malaria.
3. Bring your own personal supply of important medications, there are plenty of pharmacies but you'll often get inferior quality.


SOME TRAVELER REMARKS FROM AROUND THE WORLD

"As a international construction project manager, I have traveled extensively and have taken prescribed Larium prior, during and after trips into malarial areas, on numerous occasions. Frustrated by the lack of sleep, edginess, and nightmares encountered as my personal reaction to taking Larium, I asked my physician if another alternative prescription was available. In January 2001, my physician prescribed Malarone. I had heard a little about it in context hearing stories concerning suspect Larium efficacy, was initially concerned, but learned that Malarone had achieved 100% efficacy in testing in Gabon. A country that I was to be travelling to. I decided to switch to Malarone. I was somewhat shocked at the price of the prescription and somewhat dismayed by the daily dosage requirement (instead of the single weekly Larium dosage). However, I have travelled back and forth to Gabon twice since February and now am on my second prescription. I am pleased to report that I have been able to sleep normally and soundly, and though I am a bit of a dreamer, my dreams are normal and not of the bizarre type encountered after taking Larium".

"My work requires me being able to make quick, clear and sound decisions on a daily basis. The ability to get good nights sleep is paramount. Malarone has given me that...as well as protection against malaria. Those suffering from similiar reactions to Larium, or those concerned of getting similiar reactions, should consult with their personal physician to see if Malarone is an option. The bottom line is that I did talk to my physician...considered the risks/rewards...have changed from taking Larium to Malarone...and I am now a very satisfied Malarone consumer."

"If you want to avoid Malarone and Larium, then your best alternative is Doxycycline, taken daily, plus for 3-4 weeks after leaving the malaria area. It is supposed to make you more sun-sensitive, and to possible cause vaginal yeast infections in women, but I have never had any side effects. It may offer some protection against traveler’s diarrhea".

Surviving in Desert Areas

1. Always have a good map with you and stop often to ask the locals your exact position, even if you have a GPS and know how to use it. The locals knows the area and will offer you tips and info on road conditions free of charge. Take some cheap ballpoint pens or writing books with you to hand out – if you need to.

2. Always have extra fuel and water with you. You can use empty 2-liter soda bottles. They are lying around all over and are strong, easy to handle and easy to store away. You must have at least 2 liters of water per person and 20 liters of extra fuel. Put it away in your vehicle and forget about it. If your vehicles has a large fuel tank and is capable of doing 700 km plus a tank, it would not be necessary. Fill the tank at every available station.

3. Plan a proper itinerary and give it to friends and family – stick to this itinerary. If you must change it, immediately notified them via SMS, satellite phone or Internet when and how you plan to change the itinerary. Make specific appointments to contact them. If not - they must notify the authorities.

4. Certain areas are off-limits for 1 vehicle. Do not take a chance on this. If you are unsure about a specific route, rather ask advise ahead of your tour. Speak to others that have traveled that particular route. Log on to the rec.travel.africa newsgroup and ask for advice. You are also welcome to write me at Kosie@new.co.za. If you must enter that particular area – go to the last point of "civilization" and ask the locals for more info. Wait till you can join up with another vehicle or group going into the area.

If there is no way out of this - report to the local police and to the contacts at home. Tell them the exact place, route and duration of the particular route. Make a firm appointment to report back.

5. Do not leave the vehicle - it is easier to spot a vehicle than to spot a person. If you must leave it, write a proper report of your situation and your plan - give as much detail as possible. Leave it on the seat or dashboard where anybody can read it. If possible - leave somebody at the vehicle whilst others goes on a scout – always decide beforehand exactly where the scout would go and stick to the agreement.

6. Always make a fire and keep it burning - have lots of leaves or wet branches to put on the fire. Smoke will always draw attention in remote areas. People will see it from miles away and will sent somebody to investigate - they all fear uncontrolled veld fires. Burn the spare-wheel after you have deflated it to make a lot of thick, dark smoke.

7. Your vehicle has at least 20 lt. of water under the bonnet and in the engine. With proper planning, you can utilize that to survive.

8. Remember that more people die of cold than of heat - take proper care at night. Do not discard your warm jacket or sweater during a hot day, even in the midst of summer, it can be very cold during the early morning hours.
Do not sit in the vehicle when it is hot; move into the shade of a rock or tree closeby. Keep something on your head – an opened magazine during the day, if you do not have a hat. Rap a towel or any piece of cloth around your head at night – the head is where the brain-box is situated and needs special care.

9. Look at the animals and insects. Most of them need water every day and you can determine where it is by observing them - especially at sunset and during the first 3 hours after sunrise.
If you do not know how to distill water from liquid, wet a cloth and wipe your cheeks with it. Wait 15 minutes and if your see no rash or experience any uncomfort, wipe your whole body. Your skin will absorb a lot of moist. You can even roll in the liquid or wet all your clothing with it.

10. Do not drink liquids with alcohol in it. This will cause your body to loose a lot of fluids. Rather heat the alcoholic liquids to allow the alcohol to evaporate – then drink it. You can even open the can or bottle and let it stand open for a few hours. Keep your bladder as full as possible at all times – restrict yourself to urinate. This will prevent your body from dehydration so quickly.

11. Keep a small, hard stone in your mouth. This will cause the glands to secrete spittle and your mouth will not feel so dry. In this way, you can fool your thirst a bit.

12. In the desert, many of the plants are succulents with thick, watery leaves. Watch animals to determine what they eat and follow suite. What ever you decide to chew on, first smear a bit of the plant on your cheeks and wait 15 minutes – see for a rash or any feeling of discomfort. If none - chew some of it. Do not swallow it but spew it out and wait another 15 minutes. Wait for any discomfort in your mouth. If none – chew the plant properly and swallow it – wait another 15 minutes before the rest of the group is allowed to also chew the plant.

13. Urine is a very good anti-septic fluid, use it to clean bruises, bites or scratches.

14. Blow the horn/ hooter of your vehicle early in the morning and late at night. Sound carries very far and the dogs will hear it from miles away. The locals will come to investigate. Blow the horn/hooter for about 10 seconds and wait a minute of so. Repeat about 20 times.

15. Tune the radio to any station you can find and listen to it. The radio uses little current but the contact with the outside world will keep your spirits up. Stay calm and think. Talk a lot to your companions and plan together. Remember to pray.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che.

Africa: The Parts of The Whole!

To simplify our discussions on Africa, let’s break her down into various regions

Northern Africa

Going through Africa from the North to the South, you will first encounter six arab-berber countries: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Mauritania. Unlike the diversity of their eastern neighbors, the countries of Northwest Africa share certain geographical and cultural patterns. Nearly all of them have a rich fertile strip of land on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea or Atlantic Ocean ( on which the bulk of their populations live), behind which there are rugged mountains and, further inland, endless stretches of the Sahara Desert. The vast majority of people are Sunni (Orthodox) Muslims and the official language of every country is Arabic. Most remarkable destinations are Cairo with its pyramids, Luxor with its valley of Kings, the medieval cities of Morocco such as Marrakesh and Fez and the cities of Tangier, Rabat and Casablanca. Below, you will find the Sahel region. The countries are predominantly Muslim, but African heritage with its influence dominates.

Northwest Africa (also called the Maghreb) is rich in historical traditions. There is ample evidence to prove that the region has been inhabited since remote antiquity, and in nearly every country, prehistoric cave paintings have been discovered in the desert. It was from this region that the famous Carthaginian general, Hannibal , launched his nearly successful invasion of ancient Rome (218-203 B.C.). In fact many fine examples of Roman architecture and art are preserved in this part of Africa. Under the Roman Empire, Christianity took root in the region and several of the Church Fathers, including St. Augustine of Hippo, were native Africans.

In the seventh century A.D., Muslim armies from Arabia dislodged the forces of the Romans' successors, the Byzantines, from northwestern Africa. The region became linked culturally to the Islamic lands to the east, as well as to Muslim Spain. Yet the indigenous population, though converted to Islam, did not abandon its own language and culture. Trade with western sub-Saharan Africa and with western Sudan brought wealth to the Islamic dynasties of northern Africa and introduced Islam and its art and architecture to these areas. Much of the trade was conducted by Saharan nomads - the Arabic-speaking "Moors" of the western Sahara and the Tuareg of the central and southern Sahara - using camels, which had become a means of transport at the end of the Roman period. While early objects have been preserved in urban centers, the rural arts of the nomads living in mountain and desert regions were documented by ethnographers only in the late-nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The Sahel is the strip of land that separates savanna from the desert. Sahel comes from the Arabic word for "edge" or "border" because it is the edge of the desert. The Sahel is shrinking at an alarming rate. Animals have been allowed to graze on its fragile land, which has destroyed the vegetation. The people who live along the Sahel have caused it to shrink by cutting trees and bushes for fuel. Without the trees and bushes to hold it in place, the thin topsoil is of the Sahel blown away, leaving stony land where neither grass nor crops can grow. The Sahara and the Kalahari Desert creep one hundred miles closer to one another every year as desertification and erosion spread.

Western Africa
Over three thousand years ago there were two important developments in West Africa: long distance trade, and the ability to manipulate stone, clay and metals to sophisticated degree. The peoples of the Atlantic coast of western Africa, from Cameroon to Senegal and as far inland as the Savanna, have developed sophisticated art traditions. Many languages are spoken in western Africa. The Bantu language probably spread from the Nigeria-Cameroon border over much of Africa south of the Sahara. Ironworking technology probably dispersed from the same area, although its origin may have been farth er north or east.

Some countries in West Africa have relatively few tourists which in most cases are due to political turmoil, but Senegal (including the famous Dakar), Ghana, The Gambia and the country of Mali with places like Timbuktu, Segou and Mopti, are among the most visited countries in this region. Mali offers the best "Rock Climbing" sites in the world and Guinea/Conakry is a hidden pearl of Africa with the Fouta Djalon and Guinee Forestiere. Senegal, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Liberia and Ghana have suprising beautiful beaches. Togo is a gem under the West African countries and so is Benin and the Ivory coast. Nigeria has many sights but travelling there can be a "pain in the ...". Togo is among the top ten world producers of chemical furtilizers. Ivory Coast and Ghana are considered to be the biggest cocoa producers in the world. Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea have huge deposits of quality diamonds and Liberia is the biggest rubber producer in the world, and Guinea 2nd biggest bauxite producer.

West Africa, with an area of over 2.5 million square miles and estimated population of 250 million, is comparable in size and people to the continental USA. It is the most densely populated region of Africa despite the fact that millions of people were forcibly taken from her shores during the tragic period of the Slave Trade. People of African descent in the Caribbean, Central, South and North America have all have roots deeply planted in West Africa. The geography of the region is consistent. The Atlantic coastal area, thickly vegetated and tropical, gives rise to low mountains in the interior. Beyond these lies a great flat grasslands (savannah) similar to those of East Africa, but settled by millions of people who cleared the land of vast animal herds long ago. The savannah gradually gives way to semi-desert (sahel) and then the Sahara itself. There are many rivers and waterways in West Africa, the largest being the Niger, Senegal, Volta, and Benue Rivers. After the rainy season, a huge floodplain is formed on the western Niger River that is the size of Portugal. Agriculture and trade have been widespread in this very wide region for centuries. Horses, donkeys and camels were used in grassland and sahel regions.

West Africa has seen the rise and fall of many empires and states, and has over 100 historic urban centers. Several of these empires­, Takur (ca.600-800 A.D.), Ghana (700-1200 A.D.), Mali (1237-1450 A.D.), Songhai (1460-1591 A.D.), and Kanem-Bornu (1348-1890) encouraged the spread of trade and Islam over a long period of time. Over half of the people of West Africa are muslims. Traditional African religions are strong and historic in West Africa. The Asante Empire (ca.1690-1900 A.D.) , Yoruba Kingdoms (ca.1400-1830), Mossi (1200-1900 A.D.) were powerful states in the forested regions and the high grasslands.

Central Africa
The most conspicuous geographical characteristic of central Africa is the huge saucerlike area drained by the Zaire River (formerly called the Congo) and its tributaries. To the north are great forests. The south is more sparsely forested, with open and wooded savannas. The population includes many agriculturists, who keep some animals as well, although, in distinction to eastern and southern Africa, cattle are not herded here. Some peoples of the region practice fishing and trapping; a few are nomadic hunters and gatherers. A vast region stretches across the middle of Africa that we call Equatorial and East Africa. This area straddles the Equator and features several distinct types of land. Most of equatorial Africa, or land near the equator, is a lush, tropical rainforest. The Congo (Zaire) River Basin, is the second largest tropical rainforest in the world after that of the Amazon. The riches of its unparalleled biodiversity remain largely unexplored. The forest is a vital resource for the people who live in and around it; exploited rationally, it can be a real vector for development. But it is also an ensemble whose stability depends on the multitude of inter—relationships between plants and animals. Loss of the latter impoverishes the forest and impairs its capacity to regenerate. The rainforest is hot and wet; an average of more than 70 inches of rain falls annually. The rainforest is home to some of the world's most important vegetation because it provides oxygen to the entire planet, and keeps the earth's temperature from rising. If the earth's temperature rises, even by a few degrees, the ice near the north and south poles will melt and the oceans will rise.

Central Africa has seen the rise of many kingdoms, mostly in the period before European contact. Some, such as the Chokwe and Kongo kingdoms, seem not to have lasted long after the arrival of Europeans. Others, such as the Luba, Kuba, and Lunda, also precolonial in origin, have lasted well into this century. All developed royal arts related to the political and religious sources of leadership.

Central Africa is a fertile area, rich in mineral deposits. Here a number of states emerged with sophisticated metal working techniques after 1000 AD in what is referred to as the 'late iron age.' To the East, between the rivers Zambezi and Limpopo, the grassland zone was rich in cattle, and gold. A distinctive and elaborate form of pottery was made. By the 13th century an empire known as Great Zimbabwe emerged, which left stone ruins of what must have been a spectacular fortified palace.

Central Africa also, has had its trouble in recent years, which is the reason why many travellers ignore countries such as the Central African Republic, Rwanda and DR Congo (formerly known as Zaire). Central African Republic is famous for its unique butterfly-wing-art.

Eastern Africa
East Africa is a real treat. Ethiopia with its ancient civilization and spectacular mountain scenery and Kenya and Tanzania with their great game wildlife parks are a topper for travellers. East Africa is characterized by large elevated savannah-type grasslands. The Atlantic coast area is a leading producer of crude oil in Africa. The staple food of East Africa is Ugali: a traditional dish which is made by mixing maize or cassava flour (or a mixture of both) in hot water until it becomes stiff. It is then eaten with a meat, fish or vegetable sauce, using the fingers to dip lumps of Ugali in the relish. The Great Rift Valley of East Africa is an enormous split torn in the Earth's crust that runs from the forests of Tanzania to the deserts of Ethiopia. In some places, the rift is thousands of feet deep. The result is a stunning landscape. There are places along the rift where the walls of the valley are more than a mile high.

Eastern Africa is geographically complex, ranging from the mountains of central Ethiopia to coastal plains and offshore islands. Farther inland are the great lakes of Africa, forests, and the Rift Valley, the cradle of humankind. Tools and fossil remains of the earliest humans have been found in an area that extends from the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania and northward into Ethiopia. Much more recently, eastern Africa has, like much of the continent, witnessed migrations and population displacements, which have created an area that is culturally and linguistically complex. The incursion of Bantu peoples from the west displaced earlier hunter-gatherers.

The Swahili is the name given to the coastal people who historically could be found as far North as Mogadishu (Somalia) and as far south as the Rovuma River (Mozambique). They share a common language, widely spoken by non-Swahilis, called Ki-Swahili, and enjoy a city-based fusion of African and Arab culture.

Southern Africa
Most of Southern Africa is situated on a high, rugged plateau. The average elevation is 3,000 feet above sea level. In addition there are great deserts, the Namib of Namibia and the Kalahari of Botswana. In coastal regions on both the Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean sides, there are fertile farmlands. But the mountains predominate and, like so many other parts of Africa, this area is rich in minerals. Most of the gold and diamonds mined in the world come from this region of Africa.

The south is getting more popular. South Africa is a marvellous country and definitely deserves a visit. A trip there can be combined with Botswana, Zimbabwe and Namibia which are equally fascinating destinations. The best-known arts of southern Africa are the rock paintings and engravings that were produced by the San peoples and are found mostly in the eastern mountainous regions. With the exception of rock painting and engraving, the arts of southern Africa have tended to be underrated and underreported outside the area. The region's impressive stone ruins, especially those of Great Zimbabwe, were long attributed to outsiders on the assumption that Africans were incapable of producing such imposing architecture. Recently, however, it has been clearly established that these sites are African in origin and concept. The inland trading empires that produced them, such as that of the Shona, the builders of Great Zimbabwe, were supported by the Indian Ocean gold trade. In the early part of the 19th century the history of southern Africa is marked by the massive expansion of the Nguni empire under the military leadership of Shaka.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

The Cause of Poverty in Africa

Africa is often portrayed in stereotypes: either a wild land of exotic animals and people (be they barbarians or of an unspoiled culture, depending on your outlook) or a world where politicians are corrupt and fat while everyone else starves amidst civil wars that make no sense. Charities and NGOs still stress how Africa cannot cope without the west's help, that these poor people cannot function on their own. Those open-minded individuals who try to help Africa and Africans are just as guilty of pandering to that modern social conscienceness as missionaries and Victorian mentalities. There are also those who stress that Africans should not touch western culture at all and remain true to their own culture. Arguments such as this ignore that this may trap people in a less-technological past, as if they should be happy to remain primitive and unmodern for the sake of culture, as if that culture will not take on and add meaning in the modern world. There is a balance between the past and the future that only Africans themselves can solve - and they have every capability of doing so, as humans have done since they became human.

The reason that the westerners came to sub Sahara Africa in the first place was to exploit to take, to extract its minerals, its rich resources from gold to ivory, from palm oil to spices and most of all for hundreds of years its people. In 1645 the first slaves were shipped from Africa and through the years following, 2 million Africans died during Atlantic Ocean crossings. With all respect to missionaries and Albert Schweitzer, the majority of Westerners who came to Africa did not come to make good and worthy people of the Africans, they came to good and worthy people and brought fear, destruction of tribes and kingdoms, of a way of life that even after years of independence has never been regained. The damage that Christian missionaries have done to the psychology of human kindness in Africa over the centuries is untold. Examples would take a litany too long to fit all the walls of any ancient temple. But here are two: missionaries routinely accompanied soldiers who came to steal lands and loot for their home European country. The procedure went as follows: the missionary would stand and read aloud an edict in Latin to whatever villagers had gathered. The edict, completely incomprehensible to the villagers, ordered that each of them must at that moment convert to Christianity or be killed or enslaved. After it was read, the guns and swords went to work. The soldiers felt justified in their murders through the benediction and authority of the Roman church. Through varying interpretations of the works of church fathers, the Roman church developed a system of permissible murder and looting, and it was used routinely. The missionaries would then go to work on the remaining peoples: the children were taught that their parents' intelligent, peaceful beliefs were "from the devil," and that they were to accept poverty "for the good of their souls;" whereas the conquerers were supposedly blessed by God with superior might and wealth, and so must be obeyed.

Having become a territory under his power, around the year 1717 King Ghezo, the King of Abomey at that time entrusted to his friend, the Brazilian slave trader CHACHA Felix de Souzaall, the administration and running of this new annexed country. Instead killing war prisoners, they were made to do forced labour but then the idea arose to send them to work in plantations in Europe and America. From then on prisoners of war, victim of plunders and adulterers were all sold to Europeans in this place. The huge success this slave trader found led him to increase his market, from then on anyone valid was sold, even royalty. The slaves were exchanged for objects, sometimes of very little value (canons, alcohol, guns, mirrors, hats, bits, and bobs…). A mirror for example was worth 40 - 50 a slave. Sometimes all the inhabitants of a whole neighbourhood were sold in one go: like the Brazilian neighbourhood of Ouidah. After the sale, they were chained on the neck and the hands. Their departure for another world started from the auction place, the slaves went towards the "forgetting tree" of for a last ritual.

There were the discoverers who came to find what was there, and soon after them the race for Africa began. At the end of the 19th century, a period of international rivalry, often dubbed the "Scramble for Africa", the European powers laid claim to African territories. The various claims of the nations were settled at the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885. At this time, most of the continent of Africa was divided into colonies: France claimed the majority of West Africa; Germany received much of the eastern territory that is now Tanzania; Belgium got the Congo region; Portugal retained control of Mozambique and Angola; and Britain received the remainder of the continent. Africans were not invited to attend the conference and therefore received not even an acre of their own land. When the colonial powers left Africa, it handed authority not to traditional rulers, who were viewed as having some legitimacy, but to a horde of literate hustlers who did well in the colonial bureaucracy and or colonial army, and started to make up the ruling class. The Europeans divided Africa; people who did not understand ethnic and tribal territories drew the present boundaries of countries. Tribes, clans and families were divided from each other; they became Kenyans, Ugandans, Tanzanians and the like.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che.

The Dark and Bright Sides of Africa

THE DARK SIDE

Africa is 8'000 km long and 7'600 km wide. The continent has an area of 30.3 million km2 and counts 900 million people in access, of which 80% lives in deep poverty. Africa is considered to be a dangerous continent with countless wars (civil & tribal), tremendous high crime rates, dictators and high corruption, fear for AIDS/HIV and Ebola, and with parts of Nigeria considered to be a living hellhole on earth. Poverty brings suffering, corruption and criminality. Those are a few of the many problems in Africa, and some of the reasons why so few western companies are willing to do business with Africa or to seriously invest.

THE BRIGHT SIDE

Modern Africa is more than its rampant political problems - themselves vastly misunderstood. It's more than a distant motherland, its people are more than charity beggars, corrupt politicians, or uncivilized barbarians, fodder for missionaries bent on 'saving' them. Africa has a rich history of stable and unique civilizations that deserve a place in world history. Africa's modern history has also earned an as-yet-unrecognized place in the world events that have effected everyone in the western world, such as world wars and the cold war. Africa and its history should be recognized not only for its contribution to human history but because it's worthwhile, interesting and unique on its own. The general business in Africa is “small-small” as they call it here. For many western companies there is not much money to make on all that “small-small business”. But Africa has so much more to offer. Africa has an enormous reservoir of natural and human resources, and a new consciousness. It believes in its own great future again. That should be the reason to invest in Africa to stake your claim for the future, for products of the rich soil and waters: coffee, cocoa, mango, papaya, pine apple, wine, fish, tobacco, logging, iron ore, gold, platinum, tantalum (coltan), niobium, diamonds, bauxite, and oil. Also consider tourism, commodoties, medical herbs, exotic flowers & plants and rubber.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che.

Some "Unique" Countries in Africa

Botswana
Botswana's Kalahari desert is home to one of the Africa's most unique cultures, the resourceful bushmen who have lived there for thousands of years. More of a plain than a desert, the Kalahari is an optimum safari region.

Cote d'Ivoire
Cote d'Ivoire, more off the beaten path, is especially renowned for its Senoufo and Dan people, both of which produce some of Africa's finest craft work.

Ghana
The seat of the powerful Ashanti empire and the cornerstone of the gold, slave, and ivory trade, Ghana was especially coveted for years by imperial Europe, and every country with a navy seems to have left a fort behind. Cote d'Ivoire, more off the beaten path, is especially renowned for its Senoufo and Dan people, both of which produce some of Africa's finest craft work.

Kenya
The queen of safari, Kenya is by far the most popular safari destination in the world. Its national parks are as exceptional as their reputations, and the Maasai Mara marks the beginning of the immense serengeti, known for its cats and colossal herds of migrating wildebeest. Kenya also blesses trekkers with the continent's second highest mountain, Mt. Kenya.

Mali
Timbuktu, the legendary city on the banks of the Niger River, rose up on the gold and ivory trade, and it was once the richest city in Africa. Today, an especially attractive aspect of Mali is its cultural wealth, which is perhaps most visible in the masterful artwork of its native people, the Dogon.

Morocco
A trekker's paradise with four magnificent ranges of the Atlas mountains, Morocco also harbors the urban adventures of Fes and Marakesh, cities that entrance the soul with their serpentine alleyways and arabesque skylines.

Namibia
Namibia, with its grand coastal desert and Kaoko Veld, is a land of breathtaking landscapes. In the north of the country is the famous birdwatcher's mecca, Etosha National Park.

Sinai
Its Biblical sites have drawn spiritual pilgrims through the wadis and the waters of the Sinai Peninsula for nearly 2,000 years, but Sinai today is anything but the barren prison it was for Moses and the Isrealites. For scuba divers, in fact, the coral reefs of the Red Sea are an absolute paradise.

South Africa
For those who wish to safari in style, South Africa has some marvelously developed parks. The Kalahari Gemsbrook and Kruger national parks are some of the richest and most accessible in Africa. The landscape of South Africa is also known for its variety, offering many options for adventure.

Tanzania

Tanzania's incredible Serengeti and Ngorongoro national parks are home to more game animals than anywhere in the world, and it is in Tanzania that we find the physical soul of Africa, the towering Mt. Kilimanjaro. Off Tanzania's coast, in the Indian Ocean, are the lush forests and poetic citadels of Zanzibar, an island which has changed little since its heyday as East Africa's primary gateway and trading post.

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe is a wonderland of water. Once thought to be the mythic site of King Solomon's mines, Zimbabwe's real wealth can be found in the roaring splendor of Victoria Falls. Some of the world's best whitewater rafting on the Zambezi River

What do you think about the countries i just cited above. Give your opinion.

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che

Thursday, December 14, 2006

Brief Geography of Africa

Countries and territories in Africa

Countries (Click on a country for its details)
  1. Algeria
  2. Angola
  3. Benin
  4. Botswana
  5. Burkina Faso
  6. Burundi
  7. Cameroon
  8. Cape Verde
  9. Central African Republic
  10. Chad
  11. Comoros
  12. Democratic Republic of the Congo
  13. Republic of the Congo
  14. Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  15. Djibouti
  16. Egypt
  17. Equatorial Guinea
  18. Eritrea
  19. Ethiopia
  20. Gabon
  21. The Gambia
  22. Ghana
  23. Guinea
  24. Guinea-Bissau
  25. Kenya
  26. Lesotho
  27. Liberia
  28. Libya
  29. Madagascar
  30. Malawi
  31. Mali
  32. Mauritania
  33. Mauritius
  34. Morocco
  35. Mozambique
  36. Namibia
  37. Niger
  38. Nigeria
  39. Rwanda
  40. São Tomé and Príncipe
  41. Senegal
  42. Seychelles
  43. Sierra Leone
  44. Somalia
  45. South Africa
  46. Sudan
  47. Swaziland
  48. Tanzania
  49. Togo
  50. Tunisia
  51. Uganda
  52. Zambia
  53. Zimbabwe
Dependencies and other territories
  • British Indian Ocean Territory
  • Mayotte
  • Réunion
  • St. Helena
  • Western Sahara (SADR)
Africa, one of the six continents on this planet, is comprised of 61 political territories (including 53 countries), covering a surface area of 30,368,609 km² (11,725,385 mi²), including adjacent islands.

Separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea and from much of Asia by the Red Sea, Africa is joined to Asia at its Northeast extremity by the Isthmus of Suez, 130 km (80 miles) wide.

The average elevation of the continent approximates closely to 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level, roughly near to the mean elevation of both North and South America, but considerably less than that of Asia, 950 m (3,117 ft).

In contrast with other continents, it is marked by the comparatively small area of either very high or very low ground, lands. Moderately elevated tablelands are thus the characteristic feature of the continent, though the surface of these is broken by higher peaks and ridges.

The following table gives the approximate altitudes of the chief mountains and lakes of the continent:

Mountains Height in feet Height in meters

Mount Rungwe (Nyasa)...............................10,400.....................................3170
Drakensberg..................................................10,700.....................................3261
Lereko or Sattima (Aberdare Range)........13,214......................................4028
Cameroon.......................................................13,370......................................4075
Elgon...............................................................14,152......................................4314
Karisimbi (Mfumbiro)..................................14,683......................................4475
Meru...............................................................14,955.......................................4558
Taggharat (Atlas).........................................15,000.......................................4572
Simens, Ethiopia...........................................15,160........................................4621
Ruwenzori.....................................................16,619........................................5065
Kenya............................................................17,007........................................5184
Kilimanjaro....................................................9,321..........................................588


Lakes Width in feet Width in meters

Chad......................................850.......................................259
Mai-Ndombe.......................1100......................................335
Rudolf...................................1250......................................381
Nyasa...................................1645......................................501
Albert...................................2028......................................618
Tanganyika ........................2624......................................800
Ngami..................................2950......................................899
Mweru.................................3000......................................914
Edward................................3004......................................916
Bangweulu..........................3700......................................1128
Victoria...............................3720......................................1134
Abaya.................................4200......................................1280
Kivu....................................4829......................................1472
Tsana..................................5690......................................1734
Naivasha............................6135.......................................1870

Islands

With one exception - Madagascar - the African islands are small. Madagascar, with an area of 229,820 square miles (595,230 km²), is, after Greenland, New Guinea and Borneo, the fourth largest island on the Earth. It lies off the S.E. coast of the continent, from which it is separated by the deep Mozambique channel, 250 miles (400 km) wide at its narrowest point. Madagascar in its general structure, as in flora and fauna, forms a connecting link between Africa and southern Asia. East of Madagascar are the small islands of Mauritius and Réunion. Socotra lies E.N.E. of Cape Guardafui. Off the north-west coast are the Canary and Cape Verde archipelagoes. which, like some small islands in the Gulf of Guinea, are of volcanic origin.

Climate

Lying almost entirely within the tropics, and equally to north and south of the equator, Africa does not show excessive variations of temperature.

Great heat is experienced in the lower plains and desert regions of North Africa, removed by the great width of the continent from the influence of the ocean, and here, too, the contrast between day and night, and between summer and winter, is greatest. (The rarity of the air and the great radiation during the night cause the temperature in the Sahara to fall occasionally to freezing point.)

Farther south, the heat is to some extent modified by the moisture brought from the ocean, and by the greater elevation of a large part of the surface, especially in East Africa, where the range of temperature is wider than in the Congo basin or on the Guinea coast.

In the extreme north and south the climate is a warm temperate one, the northern countries being on the whole hotter and drier than those in the southern zone; the south of the continent being narrower than the north, the influence of the surrounding ocean is more felt.

The rainfall zones are, however, somewhat deflected from a due west-to-east direction, the drier northern conditions extending southwards along the east coast, and those of the south northwards along the west. Within the equatorial zone certain areas, especially on the shores of the Gulf of Guinea and in the upper Nile basin, have an intensified rainfall, but this rarely approaches that of the rainiest regions of the world. The rainiest district in all Africa is a strip of coastland west of Mount Cameroon, where there is a mean annual rainfall of about 390 in (9.91 m) as compared with a mean of 458 in (11.63 m) at Cherrapunji, in Meghalaya, India.

The two distinct rainy seasons of the equatorial zone, where the sun is vertical at half-yearly intervals, become gradually merged into one in the direction of the tropics, where the sun is overhead but once. Snow falls on all the higher mountain ranges, and on the highest the climate is thoroughly Alpine.

The countries bordering the Sahara are much exposed to a very dry wind, full of fine particles of sand, blowing from the desert towards the sea. Known in Egypt as the Khamsin, on the Mediterranean as the sirocco, it is called on the Guinea coast the Harmattan. This wind is not invariably hot; its great dryness causes so much evaporation that cold is not infrequently the result. Similar dry winds blow from the Kalahari Desert in the south. On the eastern coast the monsoons of the Indian Ocean are regularly felt, and on the Southeast hurricanes are occasionally experienced…

Yours Truly,
Ferdinand Che.